4.03.2013
Risks for Heart Disease and Stroke Impact Memory Loss
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A new study finds risk factors for heart disease and stroke are an effective method to predict future declines in cognitive abilities, or memory and thinking.
Researchers were surprised that the cardiac factors appear to do a better job at predicting risk of dementia than specific measures designed to test the threat of dementia.
“This is the first study that compares these risk scores with a dementia risk score to study decline in cognitive abilities 10 years later,” said Sara Kaffashian, Ph.D., with the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research.
The study involved 7,830 men and women with an average age of 55. Risk of heart disease and stroke (cardiovascular disease) and risk of dementia were calculated for each participant at the beginning of the study.
The heart disease risk score included the following risk factors: age, blood pressure, treatment for high blood pressure, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes.
The stroke risk score included age, blood pressure, treatment for high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, history of heart disease, and presence of cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heart beat).
The dementia risk score included age, education, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, exercise, and whether a person had the APOE ε4 gene, a gene associated with dementia.
Memory and thinking abilities were measured three times over 10 years.
The study found that all three risk scores predicted 10-year decline in multiple cognitive tests.
However, heart disease risk scores showed stronger links with cognitive decline than a dementia risk score. Both heart and stroke risk were associated with decline in all cognitive tests except memory; dementia risk was not linked with decline in memory and verbal fluency.
“Although the dementia and cardiovascular risk scores all predict cognitive decline starting in late middle age, cardiovascular risk scores may have an advantage over the dementia risk score for use in prevention and for targeting changeable risk factors since they are already used by many physicians, Kaffashian said.
Experts also believe the findings show that high cholesterol and high blood pressure not only increase the risk of heart disease but also have a negative impact on cognitive abilities.
The European study is published in Neurology.
Labels: apoee4, HDL, history-of-heart-disease, sara-kaffashian, smoking
